Before his election as Pope Benedict XVI, Cardinal Ratzinger also served president of the … God wants us to be friends of His friends and we can be so, if we are interiorly close to them. Joseph Ratzinger, the future Pope Benedict XVI, talks with Cardinal Franz Konig of Vienna during the Second Vatican Council at the Vatican in 1962. [65] For 20 years, Ratzinger had been the man in charge of enforcing the document. [49], Some voices, among them Küng, deemed this period in Ratzinger's life a turn towards conservatism, while Ratzinger himself said in a 1993 interview, "I see no break in my views as a theologian [over the years]". Before becoming pope, he was "a major figure on the Vatican stage for a quarter of a century"; he had an influence "second to none when it came to setting church priorities and directions" as one of John Paul II's closest confidants. In the last months of the Second World War he joined the anti-aircraft military services. "[310] Canadian author Daniel Gawthrop, in a critical biography, The Trial of Pope Benedict, said that the Pope blamed homosexuality "for a problem the church had willingly enabled for hundreds of years". [352], At his death, prior criticism of Benedict XVI received renewed attention, particularly that from public health officials, anti-AIDS activists, and victim's rights organizations over his handling of sexual abuse cases within the Catholic Church and position on usage of condoms in areas of high HIV transmission. Nevertheless, the remarks were interpreted as a call to save mankind from homosexuals and transsexuals. German Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, then prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, is pictured in a 2002 file photo. His mother's family was originally from South Tyrol (now in Italy). In 1978 Cardinal Ratzinger participated in the Conclave of 25th and 26th August which elected John Paul I, who named him his Special Envoy to the 3rd International Mariological Congress, celebrated in Guayaquil (Ecuador) from 16th to 24th September. He also visited Poland and Spain, where he was enthusiastically received. [267][268][269], In June 2020, Benedict visited his dying brother Georg in Germany for the last time. "[343] On 28 February 2013, the day he retired, the tweets were archived, and @Pontifex read "Sede Vacante". If you have already donated, we sincerely thank you. The veteran German journalist Peter Seewald first met Joseph Ratzinger nearly thirty years ago. This life of love, according to him, is the life of the saints such as Teresa of Calcutta and the Blessed Virgin Mary, and is the direction Christians take when they believe that God loves them in Jesus Christ. The guidelines asserted that "Civil law concerning reporting of crimes ... should always be followed. In his first encyclical, Deus caritas est, he said that a human being, created in the image of God who is love, can practice love: to give himself to God and others (agape) by receiving and experiencing God's love in contemplation. Joseph spent his infancy and adolescence in Traunstein, a little village near the Austrian border, 30 km from Salzburg. Early in his pontificate Benedict predicted a short reign, which led to concerns about his health. Caritas in veritate makes a case for the charitable distribution of wealth in considerable detail and discusses the environment, migration, terrorism, sexual tourism, bioethics, energy and population. The Joseph Ratzinger I knew for 35 years — first as prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, later as Pope Benedict XVI and then Pope Emeritus … Roger Etchegaray, the vice-dean of the College of Cardinals, fell also and suffered a hip fracture. In 2001, Ratzinger convinced John Paul II to put the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith in charge of all sexual abuse investigations. Firstly, I remember Pope Benedict XV, that courageous prophet of peace, who guided the Church through turbulent times of war. Our life is an open question, an incomplete project, still to be brought to fruition and realized. Normally, five years must pass after a person's death before the beatification process can begin. Biographer Andrea Tornielli suggested that Cardinal Ratzinger had wanted to take action against Maciel but that John Paul II and other high-ranking officials, including several cardinals and the Pope's influential secretary Stanisław Dziwisz, prevented him from doing so. [186] On the final day of the Pope's visit, he visited the World Trade Center site and later celebrated Mass at Yankee Stadium.[187]. His visit was met by nationalist and Islamic protesters[176] and was placed under unprecedented security measures. [241] He joined his successor several months after his election at the unveiling of a new statue of Saint Michael the Archangel. He was appointed a full professor in 1958 at the age of 31. After teaching dogmatic and fundamental theology at The High School of Philosophy and Theology in Freising he taught in Bonn from 1959 to 1963, in Münster from 1963 to 1966 and in Tübingen from 1966 to 1969. [274], Benedict became the longest-lived pope on 4 September 2020 at 93 years, 4 months, 16 days, surpassing the age of Pope Leo XIII. Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger Address to Catechists and Religion Teachers Human life cannot be realized by itself. Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger demonstrated faithfulness, said Pope Paul VI in his address during the consistory of June 27, 1977, in which Ratzinger, then archbishop metropolitan of Munich and Freising, was created a cardinal of the Holy Roman Church. [130] While Summorum Pontificum directs that pastors should provide the Tridentine Mass upon the requests of the faithful, it also allows for any qualified priest to offer private celebrations of the Tridentine Mass, to which the faithful may be admitted if they wish. [13] He was originally a liberal theologian but adopted conservative views after 1968. The Joseph Ratzinger I knew for 35 years — first as prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, later as Pope Benedict XVI and then Pope Emeritus — was a brilliant, holy man who bore no resemblance to the caricature that was first created by his theological enemies and then set in media concrete. [298] Less formally he was referred to as Emeritus Pope or Roman Pontifex Emeritus. "Sexual orientation", the document said, was not equivalent to race or ethnicity, and it declared that it was "not unjust discrimination to take sexual orientation into account. Address of Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger to the International Convention on the implementation of the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council (February 27, 2000) [French, Italian, Spanish] Address … [56] On 26 May 1976, he was appointed a Prelate of Honour of His Holiness. In June 2007, Benedict made a personal pilgrimage and pastoral visit to Assisi, the birthplace of St. Francis. 'The Jewish people were once the chosen people. Mary Regina Morrell, Letting go is simple wisdom with divine potential In his explanation and summary of the encyclical, he stated: "If friendship with God becomes for us something ever more important and decisive, then we will begin to love those whom God loves and who are in need of us. (CNS photo from Catholic Press Photo) [12], Benedict's writings were prolific and generally defended traditional Catholic doctrine, values, and liturgy. ", "Pope Benedict XVI Leaves a Spotty Legacy With Sexual Abuse Scandal", "Former Pope Benedict XVI dies in Vatican monastery aged 95", "Death of Pope Emeritus Benedict: his official biography", Spiritual Testament of Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, 31.12.2022, From the Baptism in the Jordan to the Transfiguration, His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI, International Alliance of Catholic Knights, Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution, Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary, Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart, Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII, Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, Historical-critical exegesis of the Bible, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pope_Benedict_XVI&oldid=1132760800, German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States, Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich faculty, Members of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Participants in the Second Vatican Council, Recipients of the Grand Decoration with Sash for Services to the Republic of Austria, Roman Catholic archbishops of Munich and Freising, Pages with login required references or sources, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles with dead external links from July 2019, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people, Pages using infobox philosopher with embed equal yes, Pages using ordination template and denomination parameter, Articles containing Italian-language text, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Articles to be expanded from January 2023, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Pages using S-rel template with ca parameter, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1999 Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the. In their Common Declaration, they highlighted the previous 40 years of dialogue between Catholics and Anglicans while also acknowledging "serious obstacles to our ecumenical progress". [100], On 7 October 2012, Benedict named Hildegard of Bingen and John of Ávila as Doctors of the Church, the 34th and 35th individuals so recognized in the history of Christianity. The Vatican announced Saturday, Dec. 31, 2022, that Pope Benedict XVI, the former Joseph Ratzinger, died at age 95. The canonizations were part of a mass that marked the conclusion of the General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops and the Year of the Eucharist. Later, as the Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Ratzinger most clearly spelled out the Catholic Church's position on other religions in the 2000 document Dominus Iesus which also talks about the Catholic way to engage in "ecumenical dialogue". Catholic Online, State Aid for Catholic Schools: Help or Hindrance? [147] However, his election received a more reserved response from the United Kingdom's Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, who hoped that Benedict would "continue along the path of Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II in working to enhance relations with the Jewish people and the State of Israel. He was the third and youngest child of Joseph Ratzinger Sr., a police officer, and Maria Ratzinger (née Peintner); his grand-uncle was the German priest-politician Georg Ratzinger. In the Roman Curia he was one of the members of the Council of the Secretariat of State for Relations with States; he was also member of the Congregations for: the Oriental Churches, the Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, the Bishops, the Evangelization of Peoples, the Catholic Education, the Clergy and the Causes of the Saints. In October he participated in the Conclave that elected Pope John Paul II. [23] As Cardinal Ratzinger, he was known (according to former neighbours) to look after stray cats in his neighbourhood. How does one learn the art of living? Copyright 2022 Catholic Online. [98] In December 2011, the Pope formally recognized the validity of the miracles necessary to proceed with the canonizations of Kateri Tekakwitha, who would be the first Native American saint; Marianne Cope, a nun working with lepers in what is now the state of Hawaii; Giovanni Battista Piamarta, an Italian priest; Jacques Berthieu, a French Jesuit priest and African martyr; Carmen Salles y Barangueras, a Spanish nun and founder of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception; Peter Calungsod, a lay catechist and martyr from the Philippines; and Anna Schäffer, whose desire to be a missionary was unfulfilled on account of her illness. [210][211][212] Benedict corrected his former statement that he had not been at a meeting of the ordinariate of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising in January 1980, saying he mistakenly told German investigators he was not there. The two most prominent instances were the expansion of the use of the Tridentine Mass and the lifting of the excommunication on four bishops from the Society of St. Pius X (SSPX). "[168] Later, the Pope, speaking Italian, said at a weekly audience that it was "not possible to forget the suffering and the injustices inflicted by colonizers against the indigenous population, whose fundamental human rights were often trampled" but made no apology. If you are one of our rare donors, you have our gratitude and we warmly thank you. It is a message that helps to overcome what can be considered the great temptation of our time: the claim, that after the Big Bang, God withdrew from history. During a time of great change, Joseph Ratzinger entered the world. The pope emeritus denied the accusations. "[75] Ratzinger had hoped to retire peacefully and said that "At a certain point, I prayed to God 'please don't do this to me'...Evidently, this time He didn't listen to me."[76]. Resentment was growing toward minorities and other countries seen as complicit in Germany’s hardship. At the age of five, he declared that he wanted to be a cardinal. He was a lecturer of the 5th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops of 1980 on the theme: “The mission of the Christian Family in the contemporary world”, and the Delegate President of the 6th Ordinary General Assembly of 1983 on “Reconciliation and Penance in the mission of the Church”. Benedict planned on 5 March 2008, to meet with Muslim scholars and religious leaders autumn 2008 at a Catholic-Muslim seminar in Rome. [301], In 2005, the Pope listed several ways to combat the spread of HIV, including chastity, fidelity in marriage, and anti-poverty efforts; he also rejected the use of condoms. Other issues also prompted condemnations or revocations of rights to teach: for instance, some posthumous writings of Jesuit priest Anthony de Mello were the subject of a notification. [242][243] Benedict returned his official Fisherman's Ring, which was rendered unusable by making two large cuts across its face. [35] In 1943, while still in seminary, he was drafted into the German anti-aircraft corps as Luftwaffenhelfer. He himself has defined his upbringing as ‘Mozartian’, growing up in this setting where he received his Christian, human and cultural education. [263], In June 2017, Benedict received newly created cardinals in his chapel and spoke with each of them in their native language. [256][257], Benedict, in August 2015, submitted a handwritten card to act as a testimony to the cause of canonization of Pope John Paul I. Indeed, this … And as they came to know him, the question became, why not Ratzinger? [222] This was never officially made public—the official news was that he had fallen and struck his head against a radiator—but was an open secret known to the conclave that elected him pope. Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger was born on 16 April, Holy Saturday, 1927, at Schulstraße 11, at 8:30 in the morning in his parents' home in Marktl, Bavaria, Germany. [94] In October of the same year he canonized Jeanne Jugan, Damien de Veuster, Zygmunt Szczęsny Feliński, Francisco Coll Guitart, and Rafael Arnáiz Barón. In his last public appearance, from the central loggia of the Apostolic Palace of Castel Gandolfo, he said: “I am a simple pilgrim who is beginning the last stage of his pilgrimage on this earth”. ", "The Church is not trying to cover anything up", "Promoter of Justice at Doctrine of Faith on Paedophilia", "Pope John Paul ignored abuse of 2,000 boys: Report", "Vatican tries to shift blame for abuse on to John Paul – Europe, World News", "Pastoral Letter of the Holy Father Benedict XVI to the Catholics of Ireland", "Pope's letter fails to calm anger over abuse", "Guide to Understanding Basic CDF Procedures concerning Sexual Abuse Allegations", "Vatican to bishops: Follow law, report sex abuse", "Former Pope Benedict failed to act over abuse, new report finds", "Benedict Faulted for Handling of Abuse Cases When He Was an Archbishop", "Pope Benedict failed to act on child abuse, report finds", "Ex-Pope Benedict acknowledges faulty testimony in German abuse case", "Ex-Pope admits errors in handling of abuse cases", "Vatican restricts ministry of Legionaries priest founder", "Pope Reins In Catholic Order Tied to Abuse", "Popes knew of allegations against ex-Cardinal McCarrick years ago, report finds", "The Vatican's McCarrick report: a timeline of events", "Vor Jahren Ratzinger erlitt Hirnblutung", "Pope predicted 'short reign' in remarks just after election", "Vatican: Pope Benedict's gaffes result of high tension", "Pope Benedict XVI Leaves Hospital After Breaking Wrist in Fall", "A Statement Rocks Rome, Then Sends Shockwaves Around the World", "Pope Benedict to resign at the end of the month, Vatican says", "Scandal, speculation surround past popes who resigned", "Declaration (resignation) of Benedict XVI", "Pope Benedict XVI announces his resignation at end of month", "Pope Benedict XVI to Resign due to Parkinson's Disease", "Benedict dismisses speculation about his resignation", "Pope Benedict XVI defends resignation to 'fanatic' doubters", "Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI: 'There are not two Popes' – Vatican News", "Pope Benedict's 'Conscience Is Clear' Regarding His 2013 Resignation", "Dopo le dimissioni il Papa si ritirerà presso il monastero Mater Ecclesiae fondato nel '94 per volontà di Wojtyla", "Il Papa? At 8 p.m. on 28th February 2013 he became Pope emeritus. In 1985 he published his interview-book “Report on the faith” and in 1996 a book called “Salt of the Earth”. [226], Following the announcement of his resignation, the Vatican revealed that Benedict had been fitted with a pacemaker while he was still a cardinal, before his election as pope in 2005. [303] However, the Vatican has since stated that no such change in the church's teaching can occur. Le cardinal Joseph Frings fit un discours, à l'élaboration duquel Joseph Ratzinger a participé, remarqué pendant le concile Vatican II, dénonçant avec vigueur le Saint-Office en novembre 1963 affirmant que les méthodes du Saint-Office « ne sont pas en harmonie avec les temps modernes et sont une source de scandale pour le monde entier » [A 12]. In particular, Dominus Iesus, published by the congregation in the jubilee year 2000, reaffirmed many recently "unpopular" ideas, including the Catholic Church's position that "salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to men by which we must be saved." The son of a rural policeman, Joseph Alois Ratzinger was born on April 16, 1927, in Marktl am Inn, a small settlement in the southern German state of Bavaria. St. Benedict of Nursia was the founder of the Benedictine monasteries (most monasteries of the Middle Ages were of the Benedictine order) and the author of the Rule of Saint Benedict, which is still the most influential writing regarding the monastic life of Western Christianity. [313], Vatican spokesman Federico Lombardi claimed the Pope had not wished specifically to attack people with homosexual inclinations, and had not mentioned gays or lesbians in his text. [52][53] Several of Benedict's former students became his confidantes, notably Christoph Schönborn, and a number of his former students sometimes meet for discussions. [14] During his papacy, Benedict XVI advocated a return to fundamental Christian values to counter the increased secularisation of many Western countries. The move was unexpected,[230] as all popes in modern times had held office until death. The decision was controversial and widely criticized by conservative Catholics and Traditionalist Catholics as lacking in charity and an attack on those attached to the liturgical patrimony of the church. [273] On 2 December of the same year, Maltese cardinal Mario Grech announced to Vatican News that Benedict had difficulty speaking and that he had told the new cardinals after the consistory that "the Lord has taken away my speech in order to let me appreciate silence". "[142][143] Between 2011 and 2012, three ordinariates were erected, currently totaling 9090 members, 194 priests, and 94 parishes. Vatican officials called the meeting "a significant stage in the progress of bilateral relations with Vietnam."[330]. Compendio de publicaciones del Card. Show the volunteers who bring you reliable, Catholic information that their work matters. [223] A few days later an unconfirmed rumor emerged that Benedict had undergone an operation in preparation for an eventual bypass operation, but this rumor was only published by a small left-wing Italian newspaper and was never confirmed by any Vatican insider. [248] He then made an appearance at the canonization mass of Popes John XXIII and John Paul II, greeting the cardinals and Francis. [184] The Pope also met privately with victims of sexual abuse by priests. [34] Ratzinger then trained in the German infantry. www.fondazioneratzinger.va/content/fondazioneratzinger/en/jos… [188][189] On 13 September 2008, at an outdoor Paris Mass attended by 250,000 people, Benedict condemned the modern materialism – the world's love of power, possessions and money as a modern-day plague, comparing it to paganism. John Paul II, approved his election to Vice Dean of the Cardinal College by the Cardinals of the Order of Bishops on 6th November 1998, and he was also entrusted with the Suburbicarian See of Ostia on 30th November 2002. standing for "Papa" ("Pope"). In addition to his native German language, Benedict had some level of proficiency in French, Italian, English, and Spanish. He acted as the Pope’s special correspondent during the celebrations for the 12th centenary of the founding of the Diocese of Paderborn in Germany, which was celebrated on 3rd January 1999. [287] This was the first time since 1802 that a pope had attended a funeral for his predecessor. The intellectual affinity between these two thinkers, who would later become decisive figures for the twentieth-century Catholic Church, was preoccupied with rediscovering the essentials of Christianity: Guardini wrote his 1938 The Essence of Christianity, while Ratzinger penned Introduction to Christianity, three decades later in 1968. Driven by that encounter with what he would later refer to as 'filth' in the Church, Ratzinger seems to have undergone something of a 'conversion experience' throughout 2003–04. This story was inspired by an orange tabby Pentling cat, which belonged to the family next door. Cardinal Clemens August Graf von Galen was beatified on 9 October 2005. [24][25], Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger (German: [ˈjoːzɛf ʔaˈlɔʏzi̯ʊs ˈʁatsɪŋɐ]), later Pope Benedict XVI (Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI) was born on 16 April, Holy Saturday, 1927, at Schulstraße 11, at 8:30 in the morning in his parents' home in Marktl, Bavaria, Germany. Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger. joseph aloisius ratzinger (en allemand : [ˈjoːzɛf ˈalɔʏzjʊs ˈʁats ɪ ŋ ɐ] 2 ), né le 16 avril 1927 à marktl dans l' état libre de bavière en allemagne de weimar et mort le 31 décembre 2022 au vatican, est un prélat et théologien catholique allemand, élu pape le 19 avril 2005 sous le nom de benoît xvi (en latin : benedictus decimus sextus ; en … In July 2009, Benedict published his third encyclical, Caritas in veritate[331] (Charity in truth), setting out the philosophical and moral foundations for human development, individually and collectively, in striving for the common good. 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Ce qui n’échappe pas à Jean-Paul II qui, dès 1981, nomme le cardinal Ratzinger préfet de la Congrégation pour la doctrine de la foi, organisme central du Vatican qui a pour mission de « promouvoir et protéger la doctrine et les mœurs conformes à la foi dans tout le monde catholique », souligne le nouveau prélat. In 2007, China was accused of using its political influence to stop a meeting between the Pope and the Dalai Lama. This, he said, is contradictory to the modern acclamation of science whose excellence is based on the power of reason to know the truth. [102] In June 2010, Benedict created the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the New Evangelisation, appointing Archbishop Rino Fisichella its first president. Mary Regina Morrell, Father Lombardi's Address on Catholic Media Joseph Ratzinger, born in 1927, had completed his doctoral and Habilitation dissertations by the age of thirty and found himself an expert advisor (peritus) to Cardinal Frings of Cologne at the Second Vatican Council while still only in his mid-thirties. [323], Later visiting the country to "reiterate the solidarity between the cultures," it was reported that Benedict made a counter-statement backing Turkey's bid to join the EU. On 11th February 2013 Benedict XVI announced his resignation to the ministry of the Bishop of Rome. A book called Joseph and Chico: A Cat Recounts the Life of Pope Benedict XVI was published in 2007 which told the story of the Pope's life from the feline Chico's perspective. This became a subject of controversy during the sex abuse cases. J. Jesús de Nazaret JOSEPH RATZINGER/BENEDICTO XVI. He taught the importance of both the Catholic Church and an understanding of God's redemptive love. He then taught dogma and fundamental theology at the higher school of philosophy and theology of Freising, then in Bonn from 1959 to 1969, Münster from 1963 to 1966, Tubinga from 1966 to 1969. The title of "Patriarch of the West" was removed in the 2006 edition of Annuario Pontificio. [280] The same day, Matteo Bruni, the director of the Holy See Press Office, stated that "in the last few hours there has been an aggravation of [Benedict's] health due to advancing age" and that he was under medical care. [175] His visit to Turkey, an overwhelmingly Muslim nation, was initially overshadowed by the controversy about a lecture he had given at Regensburg. Although he did not mention the topic, his words were interpreted by news media as denunciations of same-sex marriage,[315] with some outlets adding that Benedict would have called it a threat to world peace similar to abortion and euthanasia. "[199], Cardinal Vincent Nichols wrote that in his role as head of the CDF "[Ratzinger] led important changes made in church law: the inclusion in canon law of internet offences against children, the extension of child abuse offences to include the sexual abuse of all under 18, the case by case waiving of the statute of limitation and the establishment of a fast-track dismissal from the clerical state for offenders. [341], In December 2012, the Vatican announced that Benedict XVI had joined social networking website Twitter, under the handle @Pontifex. The son of a rural policeman, Joseph Alois Ratzinger was born on April 16, 1927, in Marktl am Inn, a small settlement in the southern German state of Bavaria. Share [169], While visiting the United States on 17 April 2008, Benedict met with International Society for Krishna Consciousness representative Radhika Ramana Dasa;[170] a noted Hindu scholar[171] and disciple of Hanumatpreshaka Swami. 16, 2016: Emeritus Pope Benedict Grants an Interview – Inside The Vatican", "Benedict XVI is frail but 'perfectly lucid', says Vatican spokesman", "Pope, new Cardinals visit Pope-Emeritus Benedict XVI", "Last cardinal named by Paul VI, Brazil's Paulo Evaristo Arns, dies at age 95", "Benedict XVI receives the new cardinals, and speaks with them in various languages", "Benedict XVI: Cardinal Meisner was a 'passionate shepherd' who found it 'difficult to leave his post', "In New Book, Retired Pope Benedict Breaks Silence To Speak Out On Priestly Celibacy", "Publisher won't remove Benedict XVI as co-author of book on priestly celibacy", "Request made to remove Benedict's name from controversial book – Gänswein – English", "Ex-pope Benedict XVI goes home to Bavaria to visit ailing brother", "Former pope Benedict in Germany to visit ailing brother", "Vatican Confirms Pope Benedict Is Ill, But Says Condition 'Not Serious', "Benedict XVI 'having trouble speaking' – new cardinal", "Benedict XVI becomes oldest pope in history", "Pope Francis and the Pope emeritus receive Covid-19 vaccine – Vatican News", "Benedict XVI to mark 70 years as priest with brother's choir", "Pope Francis and new cardinals visit Benedict XVI", "Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI 'very sick', says Pope Francis", "Vatican: Benedict XVI under medical care as health takes sudden turn", "Pope Francis asks for prayers for Benedict XVI", "Farewell to Benedict XVI: 'Humble worker in vineyard of the Lord', "Thousands of mourners gather for Pope Benedict's funeral – watch live", "Pope Benedict latest: PM Sunak leads tributes to 'great theologian' former pontiff", "The last time a Pope celebrated the funeral of his predecessor was in 1802", "Benedict XVI funeral draws estimated 100,000 Catholics to St Peter's Square", "Public now can see Benedict's tomb at St. Peter's Basilica", "Vatican removes title 'patriarch of the West' after pope's name", Vatican Diary / The identity cards of the last two popes, "Vatican reveals Pope Benedict's new title", There's nothing wrong with calling Benedict XVI 'Pope Emeritus', Ratzinger's Request: Simply call me 'Father Benedict', "Catholic Church to Ease Ban on Condom Use", "Interview of the Holy Father Benedict XVI during the flight to Africa", "Note on the banalization of sexuality Regarding certain interpretations of 'Light of the World'", "Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic Church On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons", "Gland Inquisitor: Pope Benedict's antigay tendencies", "Address of His Holiness Benedict XVI to the Members of the Roman Curia for the Traditional Exchange of Christmas Greetings", "Pope angers campaigners with speech seen as attack on homosexuality", "The Vatican: In Speech, Pope Calls Homosexual Behavior a Violation", "LSVD:Warum hetzt der Papst immer wieder gegen Homosexuelle? Ratzinger and the congregation viewed many of them, particularly the later works, as having an element of religious indifferentism (in other words, that Christ was "one master alongside others"). [77], On 24 April, Benedict celebrated the Papal Inauguration Mass in St. Peter's Square, during which he was invested with the Pallium and the Ring of the Fisherman. In 1969 he became a professor of dogmatic theology and the history of dogma at the University of Regensburg where he was also vice-president. Thank you. He was 95 years old. In 1986 the CDF sent a letter to all bishops entitled: On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons. [306], During his time as Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF), Cardinal Ratzinger made several efforts to tackle the issue of homosexuality within the Catholic Church and the wider world. They were both ordained in Freising on 29 June 1951 by Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber of Munich – the same man Ratzinger had met as a child. Today, we humbly ask you to defend Catholic Online's independence. In March 2006, he placed both the Pontifical Council for Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant Peoples and the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace under a single president, Cardinal Renato Martino. [181], In April 2008, Benedict made his first visit to the United States since becoming pope. Ratzinger returned to Traunstein. Of these, only he and William Wakefield Baum took part in the conclave. The document angered many Protestant churches by claiming that they are not churches, but "ecclesial communities". [197][198] According to John L. Allen Jr., Ratzinger in the following years "acquired a familiarity with the contours of the problem that virtually no other figure in the Catholic Church can claim. Catholic Online, Scorsese Planning Movie on Japanese Martyrs Bush. [277] On 29 June 2021, the pope emeritus celebrated his Platinum Jubilee (70th anniversary) as a priest. If there is no human dimension, if Africans do not help, the problem cannot be overcome by the distribution of prophylactics: on the contrary, they increase it. ", "First greeting of His Holiness Benedict XVI", "Mass, Imposition of the Pallium and Conferral of the Fisherman's ring for the beginning of the Petrine ministry of the Bishop of Rome", "Mass of possession of the chair of the Bishop of Rome", "Pope Benedict XVI DiesUpdates: Pope Francis Will Preside Over Benedict's Funeral on Thursday", "General Audience of 27 April 2005 | BENEDICT XVI", "16 Babies Baptized by Benedict in Sistine Chapel", "Response of His Holiness Benedict XVI for the examination of the cause for beatification and canonization of the Servant of God John Paul II", "John Paul II's Cause for Beatification Opens", "Pope beatifies Cardinal Newman as his UK tour ends (with video clip)", "How Do You Become a Saint? Guardini inspired many in the Catholic social-democratic tradition, particularly the Communion and Liberation movement in the New Evangelization encouraged under the papacy of the Polish Pope John Paul II. Fr. [97] On 23 October 2011, he canonized three saints: a Spanish nun Bonifacia Rodríguez y Castro, Italian archbishop Guido Maria Conforti, and Italian priest Luigi Guanella. Turkish prime mimister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan said that the Pope told him in their meeting that while the Vatican seeks to stay out of politics, it desires Turkey's membership in the EU. The latest issue of the SSPX's newsletter for German-speaking countries ... contains several anti-Semitic statements. Catholic Online, Papal Address at the End of the Way of the Cross "There isn't the slightest doubt about the validity of my resignation from the Petrine ministry," he wrote in a letter to the newspaper. Joseph Ratzinger "Cardinal Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI) rarely writes on any churchly matter that does not manifest its implications for man and culture, and vice versa. Laurea honoris causa in jurisprudence from the Libera Universitŕ Maria Santissima Assunta, 10 November 1999. "[307] However the document also condemned homophobic attacks and violence, stating that "It is deplorable that homosexual persons have been and are the object of violent malice in speech or in action. [158], Benedict's relations with Islam were strained at times. [324][325] However, the Common Declaration of Pope Benedict XVI and Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople implied that support for Turkey's membership in the European Union would be contingent on the establishment of religious freedom in Turkey:[326] "In every step towards unification, minorities must be protected, with their cultural traditions and the distinguishing features of their religion."[178]. [336] Benedict's favorite works of music were Mozart's Clarinet Concerto and Clarinet Quintet. Benedict's successor, Francis, completed and published Lumen Fidei in June 2013, four months after Benedict's retirement and Francis's succession. . In 1980, he was named by Pope John Paul Il to chair the special Synod on the Laity. [10] He continued to wear the white cassock but without the pellegrina or the fascia. In his footsteps, I place my ministry in the service of reconciliation and harmony between peoples. [144][145][146], When Benedict ascended to the papacy, his election was welcomed by the Anti-Defamation League who noted "his great sensitivity to Jewish history and the Holocaust". [39], Ratzinger's 1953 dissertation was on Augustine of Hippo and was titled The People and the House of God in Augustine's Doctrine of the Church. On Thursday, 24 December 2009, while Benedict was proceeding to the altar to celebrate Christmas Eve Mass at St Peter's Basilica, a woman later identified as 25-year-old Susanna Maiolo, who holds Italian and Swiss citizenship, jumped the barrier and grabbed the Pope by his vestments and pulled him to the ground. [167], While visiting Brazil in May 2007, "the pope sparked controversy by saying that native populations had been 'silently longing' for the Christian faith brought to South America by colonizers. Federal Tax Identification Number: 81-0596847. Catholic Online, Pope's Lenten Message for 2009 Il est aussi intervenu régulièrement sur la transmission de la foi dans des réflexions … Paul Sposite, Wisdom lies beyond the surface of life [89] He celebrated his first canonizations on 23 October 2005 in St. Peter's Square when he canonized Josef Bilczewski, Alberto Hurtado, Zygmunt Gorazdowski, Gaetano Catanoso, and Felice da Nicosia. Struck by the cardinal's distinctive garb, he announced later that day that he wanted to be a cardinal. . "[200] According to Charles J. Scicluna, a former prosecutor handling sexual abuse cases, "Cardinal Ratzinger displayed great wisdom and firmness in handling those cases, also demonstrating great courage in facing some of the most difficult and thorny cases, sine acceptione personarum [without respect of persons]". Proclaim the mysteries of the Resurrection! Oriental Churches, Divine Worship and Discipline of the Sacraments, Bishops, Evangelization of Peoples, Catholic Education (congregations), Latin America, Ecclesia Dei (commissions), Catholic Online In May 2009, Benedict visited Israel. [272], On 3 August 2020, Benedict's aides disclosed that he had an inflammation of the trigeminal nerve. [120], The encyclical contains almost 16,000 words in 42 paragraphs. This prayer has historically been contentious in Judaic-Catholic relations and several groups saw the restoration of the Tridentine Mass as problematic. Cardinal Ratzinger declined, feeling he shouldn't leave his post in Munich too soon. Joseph Ratzinger "Cardinal Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI) rarely writes on any churchly matter that does not manifest its implications for man and culture, and vice versa. [27] His sister, Maria Ratzinger, who never married, managed her brother Joseph's household until she died in 1991. He was viewed during the time of the council as a reformer, cooperating with theologians like Hans Küng[44] and Edward Schillebeeckx. [180] During his stay in Austria, he also celebrated Mass at the Marian shrine Mariazell and visited Heiligenkreuz Abbey. It was made available in various languages on 13 March 2007 in Rome. In addition to his travels within Italy, he made two visits to his homeland, Germany, one for World Youth Day and another to visit the towns of his childhood. Share. [30] This period lasted until the seminary was closed for military use in 1942, and the students were all sent home. Joseph Ratzinger. [338] The album was set for release on 30 November 2009. [218][219][220], Benedict re-introduced several papal garments which had fallen into disuse. [302] The alleged Vatican investigation of whether there are any cases when married persons may use condoms to protect against the spread of infections surprised many Catholics in the wake of John Paul II's consistent refusal to consider condom use in response to AIDS. It was completed in 1957 and he became a professor at Freising College in 1958. [237][238][239], On the morning of 28 February 2013, Benedict met with the full College of Cardinals and in the early afternoon flew by helicopter to the papal summer residence of Castel Gandolfo. [305], In November 2010, in a book-length interview, Benedict, using the example of male prostitutes, stated that the use of condoms, with the intention of reducing the risk of HIV infection, may be an indication that the prostitute is intending to reduce the evil connected with his immoral activity. • Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger † “In this sense, Paul can say: the Gentiles are a law to themselves—not in the sense of modern liberal notions of autonomy which preclude transcendence of the subject, but in the much deeper sense that nothing belongs less to me than I myself.” Newman and Socrates: guides to conscience1. [192] He visited the Middle East (Jordan, Israel, and Palestine) in May 2009. [114], Benedict said that "a dictatorship of relativism"[115] was the core challenge facing the church and humanity. Fr. In 1997, when he turned 70, Ratzinger asked Pope John Paul II for permission to leave the Congregation of the Doctrine of Faith and to become an archivist in the Vatican Secret Archives and a librarian in the Vatican Library, but John Paul refused his assent. From 1946 to 1951, the year in which he was ordained a priest and began to teach, he studied philosophy and theology at the University of Munich and at the higher school in Freising. According to the letter released by the Vatican, he asked forgiveness for any "grievous fault" but denied personal wrongdoing. It's a little awkward to ask, but we need your help. He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1951. On 15th February 1982 he renounced to the pastoral governance of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. At the balcony, Benedict's first words to the crowd, given in Italian before he gave the traditional Urbi et Orbi blessing in Latin, were: Dear brothers and sisters, after the great Pope John Paul II, the Cardinals have elected me, a simple, humble labourer in the vineyard of the Lord. The battery in the pacemaker had been replaced three months earlier, a routine procedure, but that did not influence his decision. [15] Benedict also revived several traditions, including the Tridentine Mass. [164] On 9 May 2009, Benedict visited the King Hussein Mosque, Amman, Jordan where he was addressed by Prince Ghazi bin Muhammad. A variety of awards and honours were given to Benedict including the following: Benedict XVI wrote 66 books, three encyclicals, and four apostolic exhortations. The English edition of Libera Editrice Vaticana is 158 pages. On 19 September 2010, during his visit to the United Kingdom, Benedict personally proclaimed the beatification of John Henry Newman. Thank you. [48] He was invited by Rev. [121] The document was signed by Benedict on Christmas Day, 25 December 2005. [60], In the consistory of 27 June 1977, he was named Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria Consolatrice al Tiburtino by Pope Paul VI. [329] The Pope met with Vietnamese president Nguyễn Minh Triết on 11 December 2009. Within … Most people donate because Catholic Online is useful. When we give ourselves to Him, we receive a hundredfold in return. [109] He took up this theme in his first encyclical Deus caritas est. [177] Benedict made a joint declaration with Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I in an attempt to begin to heal the rift between the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. Those Councils maintained their separate officials and staffs while their status and competencies continued unchanged, and in May 2007, Interreligious Dialogue was restored to its separate status again with its own president. No! "[334], Benedict was known to be deeply interested in classical music,[23] and was an accomplished pianist. Embrace every moment as sacred time [141], On 4 November 2009, in response to a 2007 petition by the Traditional Anglican Church, Benedict issued the apostolic constitution Anglicanorum coetibus, which authorized the creation of "Personal Ordinariates for Anglicans entering into full communion. Catholic Online, Cardinal Warns Against Anti-Catholic Education He ceased wearing red papal shoes. "[128], Sacramentum caritatis (The Sacrament of Charity), signed 22 February 2007, was released in Latin, Italian, English, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish and Polish. [270][271] Georg died on 1 July, aged 96. Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger on Reasons for Vatican II Even if it may have caused more problems than it solved, Vatican II for the future Pope was in no small part about … Benedict XVI chose his papal name, which comes from the Latin word meaning "the blessed", in honour of both Benedict XV and Benedict of Nursia. Benedict was talking to the new Japanese ambassador to the Vatican. However, in an audience with Benedict, Camillo Ruini, vicar general of the Diocese of Rome and the official responsible for promoting the cause for canonization of any person who dies within that diocese, cited "exceptional circumstances" which suggested that the waiting period could be waived. The Financial Times reported that Benedict's advocacy for a fairer redistribution of wealth helped set the agenda for the 2009 July G8 summit.[332][333]. [299] Moreover, according to the 1983 Code of Canon Law, he was also bishop emeritus of Rome, retaining the sacred character received at his ordination as a bishop and receiving the title of emeritus of his diocese; although he did not use this style. "[110] Thus, in his book Jesus of Nazareth, his main purpose was "to help foster [in the reader] the growth of a living relationship" with Jesus Christ. Maria St. Catherine Sharpe, t.o.s.m., T.O.SS.T. The Vatican is also the only regular place where Benedict traveled via motor without the protective bulletproof case common to most popemobiles. [16] He strengthened the relationship between the Catholic Church and art, promoted the use of Latin,[17] and reintroduced traditional papal vestments, for which reason he was called "the pope of aesthetics". [252], Benedict attended the consistory for new cardinals in February 2015, greeting Francis at the beginning of the celebration. [275][276] In January 2021, Benedict and Francis each received doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. [197] On 1 May 2010, the Vatican issued a statement denouncing "the most serious and objectively immoral behavior of Father Maciel, confirmed by incontrovertible witnesses, which amount to true crimes and show a life deprived of scruples and authentic religious feeling. In 1953 he earned a doctorate in Theology; the title of his thesis was “The People and the House of God in St Augustine’s Doctrine of the Church”. [251], Benedict wrote the text of a speech, delivered by Archbishop Georg Gänswein, on the occasion of the dedication of the Aula Magna at the Pontifical Urbaniana University to the pope emeritus, "a gesture of gratitude for what he has done for the Church as a conciliar expert, with his teaching as professor, as Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and, finally, the Magisterium." [50] Ratzinger continued to defend the work of the Second Vatican Council, including Nostra aetate, the document on respect of other religions, ecumenism, and the declaration of the right to freedom of religion. [131], The Pope considered that allowing the Tridentine Mass to those who request it was a means to prevent or heal schism, stating that, on occasions in history, "not enough was done by the Church's leaders to maintain or regain reconciliation and unity" and that this "imposes an obligation on us today: to make every effort to enable for all those who truly desire unity to remain in that unity or to attain it anew. "[119], Benedict wrote three encyclicals: Deus caritas est (Latin for "God is Love"), Spe Salvi ("Saved by Hope"), and Caritas in veritate ("Love in Truth"). It includes books by or about him and his studies, many donated by Benedict himself. In 1980, he was named by Pope John Paul Il to chair the special Synod on the Laity. His long-time secretary, Georg Gänswein, reported that his last words were "Signore ti amo" (Italian for 'Lord, I love you'). (CNS photo from Catholic Press Photo) Your Catholic Voice Foundation has been granted a recognition of tax exemption under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Joseph Ratzinger was elected Pope on 19th April 2005 and he assumed the name Benedict XVI. Let us pray so that the primacy of Peter, entrusted to poor human beings, may always be exercised in this original sense desired by the Lord, so that it will be increasingly recognised in its true meaning by brothers who are still not in communion with us. In the discussion with secularism and rationalism, one of Benedict's basic ideas can be found in his address on the "Crisis of Culture" in the West, a day before Pope John Paul II died, when he referred to Christianity as the "religion of the Logos" (the Greek for "word", "reason", "meaning", or "intelligence"). I bless all of you from my heart. Vietnamese prime minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng met with Benedict at the Vatican on 25 January 2007 in a "new and important step towards establishing diplomatic ties". Your gift is tax-deductible as allowed by law. [154][155][156][157] The lifting of his excommunication led critics to charge that the Pope was condoning his historical revisionist views. Each man's fundamental question is: How will this be realized— becoming man? According to a statement from the Vatican, the timing of the resignation was not caused by any specific illness but was to "avoid that exhausting rush of Easter engagements". [218][219] Despite the fact that Benedict pressured McCarrick to resign as Archbishop of Washington D.C. in 2006, McCarrick remained very active in ministry throughout Benedict's papacy and even made a very public appearance when he presided over U.S. senator Ted Kennedy's burial service at Arlington National Cemetery in 2009. Benedict chose to be known as "Pope emeritus" upon his resignation,[10][11] and he retained this title until his death in December 2022. According to Achille Silvestrini, Benedict chose to remove the title at a time as a "sign of ecumenical sensitivity" on the issue of papal primacy. [254] In his reception address, Benedict paid homage to his predecessor, John Paul II. At the root of this problem, he said, is Kant's "self-limitation of reason". In this connection, the Enlightenment is of Christian origin and it is no accident that it was born precisely and exclusively in the realm of the Christian faith. [66], While bishops hold the secrecy pertained only internally, and did not preclude investigation by civil law enforcement, the letter was often seen as promoting a coverup. Catholic Online, Pope's Words to Pontifical Latin American College His father, a police officer, came from a traditional family of farmers from Lower Baviera. Ordained as a priest in 1951 in his native Bavaria, Ratzinger embarked on an academic career and established himself as a highly regarded theologian by the late 1950s. The Second Vatican Council began its work with deliberation on the “Schema on the Sacred Liturgy”; then on December 4, 1963, the document was solemnly promulgated with the rank of a constitution as the first fruit of that great ecclesial gathering. Incluye más de 27 libros, ... given by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, on Saturday February 13, 1999 in the Chapel at St. Patrick´s … Catholic Online, Prelate: Genetics Needs a Conscience From 1969, he was a professor of dogmatic theology and of the history of dogma at the University of Regensburg and Vice President of the same university. On that occasion he affirmed: “After having examined my conscience before God, I have reached the conclusion that, due to my old age, I am no longer strong enough to adequately perform the needs of the Petrine Ministry.” On the afternoon of 28th February, the Pope left the Vatican by helicopter and went to Castel Gandolfo. [172] On behalf of the Hindu American community, Radhika Ramana Dasa presented a gift of an Om symbol to Benedict.[173][174]. His father, a Police Commissioner, came from an ancient and poor family of farmers from Lower Bavaria.His mother was the daughter of artisans from Rimsting, on lake Chiemsee, and before getting married she worked as a cook in many hotels. [81], During Benedict's inaugural Mass, the previous custom of every cardinal submitting to the pope was replaced by being greeted by twelve people, including cardinals, clergy, religious, a married couple and their child, and newly some who were newly confirmed people; the cardinals had formally sworn their obedience upon the election of the new pontiff. [182] He arrived in Washington, DC where he was formally received at the White House and met privately with US President George W. [342] His first tweet was made on 12 December and was "Dear friends, I am pleased to get in touch with you through Twitter. Thomas Reese. [193], Between 17 and 18 April, Benedict made an Apostolic Journey to the Republic of Malta. Joseph Ratzinger was ordained archbishop of Munich-Freising on May 28, 1977 and was created a cardinal priest by Pope Paul VI on June 27, 1977, his titular church in Rome being St. Mary of Consolation (in Tiburtina). [183] While in Washington, the pope addressed representatives of US Catholic universities, met with leaders of other world religions, and celebrated Mass at the Washington Nationals' baseball stadium with 47,000 people. In April 2009, he canonized Arcangelo Tadini, Bernardo Tolomei, Nuno Álvares Pereira, Geltrude Comensoli, and Caterina Volpicelli. He also declared that he would continue to serve the church "through a life dedicated to prayer".[234]. Created and proclaimed Cardinal by Paul VI in the consistory of 27 June 1977, of the Titles of the Suburbicarian Church of Velletri-Segni (5 April 1993) and Suburbicarian Church of Ostia (30 November 2002). Joseph Ratzinger was born in Marktl am Inn, diocese of Passau (Germany), on the 16th April 1927 (Holy Saturday) and was baptized on the same day. [42], Ratzinger began as assistant pastor (curate) at the parish St. Martin, Moosach, in Munich in 1951. ", "Angelqueen.org :: View topic – Pope's smitten with a kitten", "Pope rests with piano and cat ahead of World Youth Day", "Pope tweets a blessing from his new personal account", "Pope Benedict XVI's final day: Live Report", Vatican sends first tweet under Pope Francis, "Benedict XVI return to the Father's House", "Conferral of Honorary Citizenship of the Italian City of Romano Canavese", "Homily of His Holiness Benedict XVI, Terreiro do Paço of Lisbon Tuesday, 11 May 2010", "Coat of Arms of His Holiness Benedict XVI", "How many books has Benedict XVI written and which are the most famous? Catholic Online, Pontiff Backs Latin America's Continental Mission In the so necessary dialogue between secularists and Catholics, we Christians must be very careful to remain faithful to this fundamental line: to live a faith that comes from the Logos, from creative reason, and that, because of this, is also open to all that is truly rational. 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